ETMv4 sysfs linux driver programming reference.

Author:

Mike Leach <mike.leach@linaro.org>

Date:

October 11th, 2019

Supplement to existing ETMv4 driver documentation.

Sysfs files and directories

Root: /sys/bus/coresight/devices/etm<N>

The following paragraphs explain the association between sysfs files and the ETMv4 registers that they effect. Note the register names are given without the ‘TRC’ prefix.

File:

mode (rw)

Trace Registers:

{CONFIGR + others}

Notes:

Bit select trace features. See ‘mode’ section below. Bits in this will cause equivalent programming of trace config and other registers to enable the features requested.

Syntax & eg:

echo bitfield > mode

bitfield up to 32 bits setting trace features.

Example:

$> echo 0x012 > mode

File:

reset (wo)

Trace Registers:

All

Notes:

Reset all programming to trace nothing / no logic programmed.

Syntax:

echo 1 > reset

File:

enable_source (wo)

Trace Registers:

PRGCTLR, All hardware regs.

Notes:

  • > 0 : Programs up the hardware with the current values held in the driver and enables trace.

  • = 0 : disable trace hardware.

Syntax:

echo 1 > enable_source

File:

cpu (ro)

Trace Registers:

None.

Notes:

CPU ID that this ETM is attached to.

Example:

$> cat cpu

$> 0

File:

ts_source (ro)

Trace Registers:

None.

Notes:

When FEAT_TRF is implemented, value of TRFCR_ELx.TS used for trace session. Otherwise -1 indicates an unknown time source. Check trcidr0.tssize to see if a global timestamp is available.

Example:

$> cat ts_source

$> 1

File:

addr_idx (rw)

Trace Registers:

None.

Notes:

Virtual register to index address comparator and range features. Set index for first of the pair in a range.

Syntax:

echo idx > addr_idx

Where idx < nr_addr_cmp x 2

File:

addr_range (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACVR[idx, idx+1], VIIECTLR

Notes:

Pair of addresses for a range selected by addr_idx. Include / exclude according to the optional parameter, or if omitted uses the current ‘mode’ setting. Select comparator range in control register. Error if index is odd value.

Depends:

mode, addr_idx

Syntax:

echo addr1 addr2 [exclude] > addr_range

Where addr1 and addr2 define the range and addr1 < addr2.

Optional exclude value:-

  • 0 for include

  • 1 for exclude.

Example:

$> echo 0x0000 0x2000 0 > addr_range

File:

addr_single (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACVR[idx]

Notes:

Set a single address comparator according to addr_idx. This is used if the address comparator is used as part of event generation logic etc.

Depends:

addr_idx

Syntax:

echo addr1 > addr_single

File:

addr_start (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACVR[idx], VISSCTLR

Notes:

Set a trace start address comparator according to addr_idx. Select comparator in control register.

Depends:

addr_idx

Syntax:

echo addr1 > addr_start

File:

addr_stop (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACVR[idx], VISSCTLR

Notes:

Set a trace stop address comparator according to addr_idx. Select comparator in control register.

Depends:

addr_idx

Syntax:

echo addr1 > addr_stop

File:

addr_context (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACATR[idx,{6:4}]

Notes:

Link context ID comparator to address comparator addr_idx

Depends:

addr_idx

Syntax:

echo ctxt_idx > addr_context

Where ctxt_idx is the index of the linked context id / vmid comparator.

File:

addr_ctxtype (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACATR[idx,{3:2}]

Notes:

Input value string. Set type for linked context ID comparator

Depends:

addr_idx

Syntax:

echo type > addr_ctxtype

Type one of {all, vmid, ctxid, none}

Example:

$> echo ctxid > addr_ctxtype

File:

addr_exlevel_s_ns (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACATR[idx,{14:8}]

Notes:

Set the ELx secure and non-secure matching bits for the selected address comparator

Depends:

addr_idx

Syntax:

echo val > addr_exlevel_s_ns

val is a 7 bit value for exception levels to exclude. Input value shifted to correct bits in register.

Example:

$> echo 0x4F > addr_exlevel_s_ns

File:

addr_instdatatype (rw)

Trace Registers:

ACATR[idx,{1:0}]

Notes:

Set the comparator address type for matching. Driver only supports setting instruction address type.

Depends:

addr_idx

File:

addr_cmp_view (ro)

Trace Registers:

ACVR[idx, idx+1], ACATR[idx], VIIECTLR

Notes:

Read the currently selected address comparator. If part of address range then display both addresses.

Depends:

addr_idx

Syntax:

cat addr_cmp_view

Example:

$> cat addr_cmp_view

addr_cmp[0] range 0x0 0xffffffffffffffff include ctrl(0x4b00)

File:

nr_addr_cmp (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR4

Notes:

Number of address comparator pairs

File:

sshot_idx (rw)

Trace Registers:

None

Notes:

Select single shot register set.

File:

sshot_ctrl (rw)

Trace Registers:

SSCCR[idx]

Notes:

Access a single shot comparator control register.

Depends:

sshot_idx

Syntax:

echo val > sshot_ctrl

Writes val into the selected control register.

File:

sshot_status (ro)

Trace Registers:

SSCSR[idx]

Notes:

Read a single shot comparator status register

Depends:

sshot_idx

Syntax:

cat sshot_status

Read status.

Example:

$> cat sshot_status

0x1

File:

sshot_pe_ctrl (rw)

Trace Registers:

SSPCICR[idx]

Notes:

Access a single shot PE comparator input control register.

Depends:

sshot_idx

Syntax:

echo val > sshot_pe_ctrl

Writes val into the selected control register.

File:

ns_exlevel_vinst (rw)

Trace Registers:

VICTLR{23:20}

Notes:

Program non-secure exception level filters. Set / clear NS exception filter bits. Setting ‘1’ excludes trace from the exception level.

Syntax:

echo bitfield > ns_exlevel_viinst

Where bitfield contains bits to set clear for EL0 to EL2

Example:

%> echo 0x4 > ns_exlevel_viinst

Excludes EL2 NS trace.

File:

vinst_pe_cmp_start_stop (rw)

Trace Registers:

VIPCSSCTLR

Notes:

Access PE start stop comparator input control registers

File:

bb_ctrl (rw)

Trace Registers:

BBCTLR

Notes:

Define ranges that Branch Broadcast will operate in. Default (0x0) is all addresses.

Depends:

BB enabled.

File:

cyc_threshold (rw)

Trace Registers:

CCCTLR

Notes:

Set the threshold for which cycle counts will be emitted. Error if attempt to set below minimum defined in IDR3, masked to width of valid bits.

Depends:

CC enabled.

File:

syncfreq (rw)

Trace Registers:

SYNCPR

Notes:

Set trace synchronisation period. Power of 2 value, 0 (off) or 8-20. Driver defaults to 12 (every 4096 bytes).

File:

cntr_idx (rw)

Trace Registers:

none

Notes:

Select the counter to access

Syntax:

echo idx > cntr_idx

Where idx < nr_cntr

File:

cntr_ctrl (rw)

Trace Registers:

CNTCTLR[idx]

Notes:

Set counter control value.

Depends:

cntr_idx

Syntax:

echo val > cntr_ctrl

Where val is per ETMv4 spec.

File:

cntrldvr (rw)

Trace Registers:

CNTRLDVR[idx]

Notes:

Set counter reload value.

Depends:

cntr_idx

Syntax:

echo val > cntrldvr

Where val is per ETMv4 spec.

File:

nr_cntr (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR5

Notes:

Number of counters implemented.

File:

ctxid_idx (rw)

Trace Registers:

None

Notes:

Select the context ID comparator to access

Syntax:

echo idx > ctxid_idx

Where idx < numcidc

File:

ctxid_pid (rw)

Trace Registers:

CIDCVR[idx]

Notes:

Set the context ID comparator value

Depends:

ctxid_idx

File:

ctxid_masks (rw)

Trace Registers:

CIDCCTLR0, CIDCCTLR1, CIDCVR<0-7>

Notes:

Pair of values to set the byte masks for 1-8 context ID comparators. Automatically clears masked bytes to 0 in CID value registers.

Syntax:

echo m3m2m1m0 [m7m6m5m4] > ctxid_masks

32 bit values made up of mask bytes, where mN represents a byte mask value for Context ID comparator N.

Second value not required on systems that have fewer than 4 context ID comparators

File:

numcidc (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR4

Notes:

Number of Context ID comparators

File:

vmid_idx (rw)

Trace Registers:

None

Notes:

Select the VM ID comparator to access.

Syntax:

echo idx > vmid_idx

Where idx < numvmidc

File:

vmid_val (rw)

Trace Registers:

VMIDCVR[idx]

Notes:

Set the VM ID comparator value

Depends:

vmid_idx

File:

vmid_masks (rw)

Trace Registers:

VMIDCCTLR0, VMIDCCTLR1, VMIDCVR<0-7>

Notes:

Pair of values to set the byte masks for 1-8 VM ID comparators. Automatically clears masked bytes to 0 in VMID value registers.

Syntax:

echo m3m2m1m0 [m7m6m5m4] > vmid_masks

Where mN represents a byte mask value for VMID comparator N. Second value not required on systems that have fewer than 4 VMID comparators.

File:

numvmidc (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR4

Notes:

Number of VMID comparators

File:

res_idx (rw)

Trace Registers:

None.

Notes:

Select the resource selector control to access. Must be 2 or higher as selectors 0 and 1 are hardwired.

Syntax:

echo idx > res_idx

Where 2 <= idx < nr_resource x 2

File:

res_ctrl (rw)

Trace Registers:

RSCTLR[idx]

Notes:

Set resource selector control value. Value per ETMv4 spec.

Depends:

res_idx

Syntax:

echo val > res_cntr

Where val is per ETMv4 spec.

File:

nr_resource (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR4

Notes:

Number of resource selector pairs

File:

event (rw)

Trace Registers:

EVENTCTRL0R

Notes:

Set up to 4 implemented event fields.

Syntax:

echo ev3ev2ev1ev0 > event

Where evN is an 8 bit event field. Up to 4 event fields make up the 32-bit input value. Number of valid fields is implementation dependent, defined in IDR0.

File:

event_instren (rw)

Trace Registers:

EVENTCTRL1R

Notes:

Choose events which insert event packets into trace stream.

Depends:

EVENTCTRL0R

Syntax:

echo bitfield > event_instren

Where bitfield is up to 4 bits according to number of event fields.

File:

event_ts (rw)

Trace Registers:

TSCTLR

Notes:

Set the event that will generate timestamp requests.

Depends:

TS activated

Syntax:

echo evfield > event_ts

Where evfield is an 8 bit event selector.

File:

seq_idx (rw)

Trace Registers:

None

Notes:

Sequencer event register select - 0 to 2

File:

seq_state (rw)

Trace Registers:

SEQSTR

Notes:

Sequencer current state - 0 to 3.

File:

seq_event (rw)

Trace Registers:

SEQEVR[idx]

Notes:

State transition event registers

Depends:

seq_idx

Syntax:

echo evBevF > seq_event

Where evBevF is a 16 bit value made up of two event selectors,

  • evB : back

  • evF : forwards.

File:

seq_reset_event (rw)

Trace Registers:

SEQRSTEVR

Notes:

Sequencer reset event

Syntax:

echo evfield > seq_reset_event

Where evfield is an 8 bit event selector.

File:

nrseqstate (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR5

Notes:

Number of sequencer states (0 or 4)

File:

nr_pe_cmp (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR4

Notes:

Number of PE comparator inputs

File:

nr_ext_inp (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR5

Notes:

Number of external inputs

File:

nr_ss_cmp (ro)

Trace Registers:

From IDR4

Notes:

Number of Single Shot control registers

Note: When programming any address comparator the driver will tag the comparator with a type used - i.e. RANGE, SINGLE, START, STOP. Once this tag is set, then only the values can be changed using the same sysfs file / type used to program it.

Thus:

% echo 0 > addr_idx           ; select address comparator 0
% echo 0x1000 0x5000 0 > addr_range ; set address range on comparators 0, 1.
% echo 0x2000 > addr_start    ; error as comparator 0 is a range comparator
% echo 2 > addr_idx           ; select address comparator 2
% echo 0x2000 > addr_start    ; this is OK as comparator 2 is unused.
% echo 0x3000 > addr_stop     ; error as comparator 2 set as start address.
% echo 2 > addr_idx           ; select address comparator 3
% echo 0x3000 > addr_stop     ; this is OK

To remove programming on all the comparators (and all the other hardware) use the reset parameter:

% echo 1 > reset

The ‘mode’ sysfs parameter.

This is a bitfield selection parameter that sets the overall trace mode for the ETM. The table below describes the bits, using the defines from the driver source file, along with a description of the feature these represent. Many features are optional and therefore dependent on implementation in the hardware.

Bit assignments shown below:-

bit (0):

ETM_MODE_EXCLUDE

description:

This is the default value for the include / exclude function when setting address ranges. Set 1 for exclude range. When the mode parameter is set this value is applied to the currently indexed address range.

bit (4):

ETM_MODE_BB

description:

Set to enable branch broadcast if supported in hardware [IDR0]. The primary use for this feature is when code is patched dynamically at run time and the full program flow may not be able to be reconstructed using only conditional branches.

There is currently no support in Perf for supplying modified binaries to the decoder, so this feature is only intended to be used for debugging purposes or with a 3rd party tool.

Choosing this option will result in a significant increase in the amount of trace generated - possible danger of overflows, or fewer instructions covered. Note, that this option also overrides any setting of ETM_MODE_RETURNSTACK, so where a branch broadcast range overlaps a return stack range, return stacks will not be available for that range.

bit (5):

ETMv4_MODE_CYCACC

description:

Set to enable cycle accurate trace if supported [IDR0].

bit (6):

ETMv4_MODE_CTXID

description:

Set to enable context ID tracing if supported in hardware [IDR2].

bit (7):

ETM_MODE_VMID

description:

Set to enable virtual machine ID tracing if supported [IDR2].

bit (11):

ETMv4_MODE_TIMESTAMP

description:

Set to enable timestamp generation if supported [IDR0].

bit (12):

ETM_MODE_RETURNSTACK

description:

Set to enable trace return stack use if supported [IDR0].

bit (13-14):

ETM_MODE_QELEM(val)

description:

‘val’ determines level of Q element support enabled if implemented by the ETM [IDR0]

bit (19):

ETM_MODE_ATB_TRIGGER

description:

Set to enable the ATBTRIGGER bit in the event control register [EVENTCTLR1] if supported [IDR5].

bit (20):

ETM_MODE_LPOVERRIDE

description:

Set to enable the LPOVERRIDE bit in the event control register [EVENTCTLR1], if supported [IDR5].

bit (21):

ETM_MODE_ISTALL_EN

description:

Set to enable the ISTALL bit in the stall control register [STALLCTLR]

bit (23):

ETM_MODE_INSTPRIO

description:

Set to enable the INSTPRIORITY bit in the stall control register [STALLCTLR] , if supported [IDR0].

bit (24):

ETM_MODE_NOOVERFLOW

description:

Set to enable the NOOVERFLOW bit in the stall control register [STALLCTLR], if supported [IDR3].

bit (25):

ETM_MODE_TRACE_RESET

description:

Set to enable the TRCRESET bit in the viewinst control register [VICTLR] , if supported [IDR3].

bit (26):

ETM_MODE_TRACE_ERR

description:

Set to enable the TRCCTRL bit in the viewinst control register [VICTLR].

bit (27):

ETM_MODE_VIEWINST_STARTSTOP

description:

Set the initial state value of the ViewInst start / stop logic in the viewinst control register [VICTLR]

bit (30):

ETM_MODE_EXCL_KERN

description:

Set default trace setup to exclude kernel mode trace (see note a)

bit (31):

ETM_MODE_EXCL_USER

description:

Set default trace setup to exclude user space trace (see note a)

Note a) On startup the ETM is programmed to trace the complete address space using address range comparator 0. ‘mode’ bits 30 / 31 modify this setting to set EL exclude bits for NS state in either user space (EL0) or kernel space (EL1) in the address range comparator. (the default setting excludes all secure EL, and NS EL2)

Once the reset parameter has been used, and/or custom programming has been implemented - using these bits will result in the EL bits for address comparator 0 being set in the same way.

Note b) Bits 2-3, 8-10, 15-16, 18, 22, control features that only work with data trace. As A-profile data trace is architecturally prohibited in ETMv4, these have been omitted here. Possible uses could be where a kernel has support for control of R or M profile infrastructure as part of a heterogeneous system.

Bits 17, 28-29 are unused.